The development history and future trend of the ho

50 year development history and future trend of acrylic paint

50 year development history and future trend of acrylic paint

August 30, 2004

today, when acrylic emulsion paint has become the mainstream of architectural paint, it is difficult to imagine that they have been only 50 years since their birth. Before 1953,

emulsion paint had not been applied in the field of architectural coatings, but 50 years later, it has become the most popular wall coating in the world. The rapid development of acrylic latex paint is mainly due to its fast drying, easy operation and construction, and easy cleaning; People are worried more and more about the health and environmental insecurity of oily coatings; The advantages of formula are increasingly apparent in paint production enterprises

1940s

until the end of World War II, latex paint had not been applied in architectural coatings, and almost all buildings were coated with paint made of oily tree esters and alkyd tree esters. These paints can show good performance in the coating of internal and external walls, but the use of solvents makes them extremely flammable and brings pungent smell; At the same time, they are very difficult to remove and need to be removed with other solvents such as mineral oil or rosin oil

1939 "New York International Trade Fair" used a water-based paint made of alkyd resin on the surface of masonry walls, which was only an attempt to apply water-based paint at that time. The real ancestor of modern emulsion paint is a synthetic rubber developed for military tires in World War II - GRS, which is composed of two lotion polymers: butadiene (soft) and styrene (hard) in the proportion of 60/40. This kind of paint dries faster than alkyd paint, has much less smell and is easy to clean. After SBR, other kinds of lotion have also been developed, most of which are vinyl acetate (PVA) polymers and modified by maleic acid, fumarate, acrylate or vinyl ester. The modified PVA is cheaper than SBR and has lower odor. SBR was widely used at that time; PVA can play a role when a harder film and better durability of exterior wall paint are needed

of course, none of these early water-based coatings can achieve the performance of solvent based coatings, and they cannot surpass alkyd coatings in terms of cost. Therefore, this kind of water-based coating was only used as a fashionable coating at that time, but was not widely used

in 1953, acrylic lotion was born

in 1953, Rohm Haas company launched the first generation of 100% pure acrylic lotion rhoplex ac-33, which was synthesized from acrylate and methacrylic acid. Acrylic lotion based waterborne coatings follow the characteristics of other non acrylic waterborne coatings, which are fast drying, low odor and easy to clean. At the same time, acrylic lotion also brings other advantages to coating manufacturers. Pure acrylic acid rhoplex

the paint film of ac-33 lotion is more durable and has higher alkali resistance than SBR and PVA. Oily alkyd resin paint can provide a high gloss film, with smooth surface and good adhesion. It has been widely used in exterior wall paint and decorative paint; At that time, rhoplex

ac-33 was only limited to the coating of interior walls. Alkyd resin paint has poor alkali resistance, especially on the new masonry wall substrate, rhoplex? Ac-33 performs better, and the requirements of masonry wall substrate for adhesion are lower than wood substrate, so rhoplex

? Ac-33 becomes the first choice in this field

the next thing to be improved is the film-forming performance. The film of acrylic lotion paint is often too thin, while on the contrary, alkyd resin and oily paint show better film-forming performance due to high solid content and good traction performance. In order to make acrylic acid 11 and turn on the main switch to obtain the same performance, it is required to have good compatibility with cellulose thickener. A new acrylic lotion was introduced by adjusting the particle distribution of the emulsion, but it also produced the phenomenon of pulverization; To enhance its adhesion, alkyd resin is needed to modify it, which will sacrifice the advantages of quick drying, coloring and mold resistance of acrylic paint

then the stain resistance of exterior wall paint was proposed, and acrylic lotion with high hardness was introduced. This lotion balanced the gloss, stain resistance and cracking resistance of the paint. It is worth mentioning that up to now, their properties are still used related to the time, temperature, environment of the load and the applied stress or tension

Dow Chemical sent a letter to the customer saying that the price of all grades of PE will be increased by 6 cents/pound in March, and the stain sealed low paint. As early as the 1960s, scientists found that the early architectural coating lotion could not be used on the metal surface through experiments on different substrates, because the paint film could not seal the metal substrate and corrode when it encountered moisture. At that time, the only solution was to use active pigments and fillers to neutralize this chemical reaction, and the resulting adverse consequences were damage to human health and the environment. In 1979, scientists developed a lotion to make the paint film more compact, which can have an excellent sealing effect on the substrate

lotion that can meet the requirements of flat light, mercerization and highlights at the same time. In the 1960s and 1970s, various lotion with good adhesion, which can make flat, mercerized and high gloss coatings, have been developed. However, the disadvantage is that no single lotion can meet these formulation requirements at the same time. This means that a lotion is needed, which can be used with both cellulose thickener and associative thickener, and can ensure excellent adhesion. Scientists achieved this goal by optimizing polymerization technology and adding special monomers. At the same time, this lotion also brought unexpected versatility. However, the complex polymerization process of this lotion makes the production cost very high, so scientists try to change the morphology of polymer particles to improve the process. In the past process, latex particles were spherical. In the late 1980s, Rohm and Haas company made some original spherical latex particles into leaf shapes of large particles in the production process, so that spherical and leaf latex particles existed in lotion at the same time. The advantage of this new lotion is that it can provide both natural viscosity and film formation at a given viscosity. Large particle size leafy latex particles can prevent the flow of water during coating formulation, and formulators can use less hydrophilic thickeners in formulation, thereby reducing costs and reducing the precipitation of surfactants

the transformation of high gloss lotion. Before the 1980s, solvent based alkyd resin was still dominant in high gloss coatings. Acrylic lotion cannot achieve high gloss without sacrificing other properties of the coating. The cellulose thickener in the formula with high lotion content will lead to volume limitation, and the limitation of flocculation also hinders the development of acrylic paint in this aspect. The associative thickener developed in the 1970s solved this problem. In the early 1980s, a lotion perfectly matched with the associative thickener came out, which can meet the stain resistance of the inner wall and the gloss and color retention of the outer wall at the same time

functional lotion. The biggest problem faced by metal paint is that no emulsion paint can play an anti-corrosion role on metal substrates. The main reason is that cellulose thickeners make the paint film discontinuous. Therefore, the anti-corrosion performance of the paint mainly comes from adding many pigments and fillers with chemical reaction activity. The lotion made of pure acrylic acid technology can realize the continuity of paint film

elastic coating lotion. Scientists have developed elastic coatings from the application of textile lotion, which are used for exterior wall coating to cover fine cracks. Until the mid-1980s, no acrylic emulsion could meet the elasticity requirements of elastic coatings, because they were too hard to achieve elasticity under various temperature conditions. The softness of lotion used for caulking adhesive and adhesive can achieve elasticity, but the paint film is too sticky and easy to be contaminated with dust. Elastic coating lotion uses both hard polymer and soft polymer technology, which can not only make the paint film flexible, but also have a certain surface hardness, but also make the coating show good tensile strength

cover the polymer. Rohm and Haas developed masking polymers in the 1980s. The particle size polymerized from styrene is only 0 Micron hollow polymer can replace titanium dioxide in the formula to realize covering, save coating cost, and improve the performance of the coating from the aspects of scrub resistance, stain resistance, color retention, etc

in the 1990s

environmental protection and low odor were paid attention to in the 1990s, and people began to pay attention to the VOC content in coatings. VOC in latex paint mainly comes from solvents brought by film-forming additives. If the film-forming aids are removed from the flat paint, the lotion will not form a good film; The lotion without film-forming additives will cause the paint film to be too soft and easy to be contaminated with dust. So low VOC lotion was born

semi gloss lotion for internal and external walls has become the most popular product. It can simultaneously meet the performance requirements of adhesion, leveling, durability, color retention, chalking resistance, stain resistance and so on, and has a good coordination with hydrophobic modified alkali soluble lotion thickener or non-ionic polyurethane thickener

the function of thickener is more and more reflected in the formula. The above is the common abnormality of the spring change experimental machine in the operation process shared by the technicians today. What relevant knowledge is there? We began to pay attention to the different effects of high, medium and low shear viscosity on the coating performance, and the thickener product line is becoming more and more perfect

in the 21st century,

the development of global architectural coatings has the following trends:

◆ fashion - advanced color matching systems can deploy various personalized colors, which has triggered a revolution in the field of color. The raw materials provided by suppliers must be compatible with all kinds of pigments, including factory and in store color matching. Customers need personalized colors or effects, and the emergence of color development and color matching technology makes any color possible

◆ base materials - the types of building base materials that need coating are increasing, each of which poses a challenge to whether the products of coating enterprises can meet the indoor and outdoor coating tasks

◆ quality - customers' requirements for construction effects are constantly improving, and they hope that their money will be spent